A SYN flood exploits the TCP three-way handshake. The attacker sends a SYN packet with a spoofed source IP; the server responds with SYN-ACK and waits for the final ACK that never comes, filling the server’s backlog queue.
Layer 4 attacks exploit the protocols responsible for delivering data across a network, primarily TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol).
| | Attack Type | Description | |-----------|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | L3/L4 | SYN Flood | Exploits TCP handshake by sending many SYN packets without completing ACK. | | L3/L4 | UDP Flood | Sends a large number of UDP packets to random ports, causing resource exhaustion. | | L4 | ACK Flood | Sends ACK packets to keep stateful firewalls and load balancers busy. | | L7 | HTTP Flood | Sends legitimate-looking HTTP GET/POST requests to overwhelm application logic. | | L7 | Slowloris | Opens many connections and sends partial headers to tie up server threads. | ddos attack python script
# Connect to the target sock.connect((target_ip, target_port))
A basic DDoS script often utilizes the socket library in Python to create network connections. 1. UDP Flood Script Example A SYN flood exploits the TCP three-way handshake
Understanding DDoS Attacks: Cybersecurity Insights and Python Concepts
A Denial of Service (DoS) attack originates from a single machine, while a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack utilizes a network of compromised computers (a botnet) to flood the target. The objective remains the same: exhaust the target's resources until it crashes or denies access to legitimate users. | | L7 | HTTP Flood | Sends
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
socket : The built-in module for low-level network interfaces.
Exhausting the state tables of firewalls, load balancers, or operating systems (Layer 4).